Analysis of Shield Tunnel Ground Deformation Characteristics and Affecting Factors in Water-Rich Soft Stratum: A Case Study on the Section Tunnel of Tianjin Metro Line 6

With the increasing intensity of underground development, planned metro lines will inevitably pass through water-rich soft stratum. The existing research results show that shield tunneling in stratum is prone to ground settlement and segment cracking due large moisture content low soil strength, which pose risks safety construction. prediction deformation characteristics influencing ranges caused by has been a topical issue among tunnel community. Based on project Tianjin Metro Line 6, supported monitoring data, this paper analyses suggest surface from −14.20 mm −28.00 Tianjin’s stratum, at an acceptable level engineering. A refined 3D model addressing fluid–structure interactions developed consider construction process technique, article focuses effect support pressure excavation surface, friction between skin soil, synchronous grouting quantity structural deformation. most detrimental control, whereas advantageous control. In practice, timely injection bentonite slurry reduces effective disruption. This technique can provide calculation optimization schemes